worldbuilding/wiki
1
0
Fork 0
Code Wiki
wiki/public_html/asteron/mosici.html
Annwan 797f5f23b2 lexember 1
2025-12-01 10:44:07 +01:00

810 lines
77 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"><head>
<title>Mosici</title>
<base href="..">
<meta name="pathname" content="asteron/mosici.html">
<meta name="description" content="Annwan Wiki - Mosici">
<meta property="og:title" content="Mosici">
<meta property="og:description" content="Annwan Wiki - Mosici">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://wiki.annwan.me/asteron/mosici.html">
<meta property="og:image" content="undefined">
<meta name="author" content="Annwan"></head><body class="publish css-settings-manager styled-scrollbars show-inline-title show-ribbon is-focused"><script defer="">let theme=localStorage.getItem("theme")||(window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches?"dark":"light");"dark"==theme?(document.body.classList.add("theme-dark"),document.body.classList.remove("theme-light")):(document.body.classList.add("theme-light"),document.body.classList.remove("theme-dark")),window.innerWidth<480?document.body.classList.add("is-phone"):window.innerWidth<768?document.body.classList.add("is-tablet"):window.innerWidth<1024?document.body.classList.add("is-small-screen"):document.body.classList.add("is-large-screen")</script><div class="parsed-feature-container" style="display: contents;"><link itemprop="include" href="site-lib/html/custom-head-content-content.html"></div><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Annwan Wiki"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=5.0"><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS Feed" href="https://wiki.annwan.me/site-lib/rss.xml"><script async="" id="webpage-script" src="site-lib/scripts/webpage.js" onload="this.onload=null;this.setAttribute(&quot;loaded&quot;, &quot;true&quot;)"></script><link rel="icon" href="site-lib/media/favicon.png"><link rel="preload" href="site-lib/styles/snippets.css" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="site-lib/styles/snippets.css"></noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="site-lib/styles/obsidian.css"><link rel="preload" href="site-lib/styles/global-variable-styles.css" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="site-lib/styles/global-variable-styles.css"></noscript><link rel="preload" href="site-lib/styles/main-styles.css" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="site-lib/styles/main-styles.css"></noscript><style>body{--line-width:40em;--line-width-adaptive:40em;--file-line-width:40em;--sidebar-width:min(20em, 80vw);--collapse-arrow-size:11px;--tree-vertical-spacing:1.3em;--sidebar-margin:12px}:root{background-color:#202124}.sidebar{height:100%;font-size:14px;z-index:10;min-width:calc(var(--sidebar-width) + var(--divider-width-hover));max-width:calc(var(--sidebar-width) + var(--divider-width-hover));position:relative;overflow:hidden;overflow:clip;transition:min-width ease-in-out,max-width ease-in-out;transition-duration:.2s;contain:size}#left-sidebar{left:0}#right-sidebar{right:0}.sidebar.is-collapsed{min-width:0;max-width:0}.sidebar.floating{position:absolute}.sidebar .leaf-content{height:100%;min-width:calc(var(--sidebar-width) - var(--divider-width-hover));top:0;padding:var(--sidebar-margin);padding-top:4em;line-height:var(--line-height-tight);background-color:var(--background-secondary);transition:background-color,border-right,border-left,box-shadow;transition-duration:var(--color-fade-speed);transition-timing-function:ease-in-out;position:absolute;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.sidebar:not(.is-collapsed) .leaf-content{min-width:calc(max(100%,var(--sidebar-width)) - 3px);max-width:calc(max(100%,var(--sidebar-width)) - 3px)}#left-sidebar-content{left:0;border-top-right-radius:var(--radius-l);border-bottom-right-radius:var(--radius-l)}#right-sidebar-content{right:0;border-top-left-radius:var(--radius-l);border-bottom-left-radius:var(--radius-l)}.sidebar #left-sidebar-content,.sidebar #right-sidebar-content{contain:none!important;container-type:normal!important;animation:none!important}.sidebar:has(.leaf-content:empty):has(.topbar-content:empty){display:none}.sidebar-topbar{height:calc(2.3em + 2 * var(--sidebar-margin));width:var(--sidebar-width);padding:var(--sidebar-margin);z-index:1;position:fixed;display:flex;align-items:center;transition:width ease-in-out;transition-duration:inherit}.sidebar.is-collapsed .sidebar-topbar{width:calc(2.3em + var(--sidebar-margin) * 2)}.sidebar .sidebar-topbar.is-collapsed{width:0}#left-sidebar .sidebar-topbar{left:0;flex-direction:row;border-top-right-radius:var(--radius-l)}#right-sidebar .sidebar-topbar{right:0;flex-direction:row-reverse;border-top-left-radius:var(--radius-l)}#left-sidebar .topbar-content{margin-right:calc(2.3em + var(--sidebar-margin));flex-direction:row}#right-sidebar .topbar-content{margin-left:calc(2.3em + var(--sidebar-margin));flex-direction:row-reverse}.topbar-content{overflow:hidden visible;overflow:clip visible;width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;transition:inherit}.sidebar.is-collapsed .topbar-content{width:0;transition:inherit}.clickable-icon.sidebar-collapse-icon{background-color:transparent;color:var(--icon-color-focused);padding:2px!important;margin:0!important;height:100%!important;width:2.3em!important;margin-inline:0.14em!important;position:absolute}#left-sidebar .clickable-icon.sidebar-collapse-icon{transform:rotateY(180deg);right:var(--sidebar-margin)}#right-sidebar .clickable-icon.sidebar-collapse-icon{transform:rotateY(180deg);left:var(--sidebar-margin)}.clickable-icon.sidebar-collapse-icon svg.svg-icon{width:100%;height:100%}.feature-title{margin-left:1px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em;margin-top:.75em;margin-bottom:.75em}.feature-header{display:flex;align-items:center;padding-top:0;font-size:1em;padding-left:0}body.floating-sidebars .sidebar{position:absolute}body{transition:background-color var(--color-fade-speed) ease-in-out}#navbar:not(:empty){display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:.5em 1em;width:100%}#main{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100%;width:100%;align-items:stretch;justify-content:center}#main-horizontal{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-grow:1;width:100%;align-items:stretch;justify-content:center}#center-content{flex-basis:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;transition:opacity .2s ease-in-out;contain:inline-size}.hide{opacity:0!important;transition:opacity .2s ease-in-out;pointer-events:none}#center-content>.obsidian-document{padding-left:2em;padding-right:1em;margin-bottom:0;width:100%;width:-webkit-fill-available;width:-moz-available;width:fill-available;transition:background-color var(--color-fade-speed) ease-in-out;border-top-right-radius:var(--window-radius,var(--radius-m));border-top-left-radius:var(--window-radius,var(--radius-m));overflow-x:hidden!important;overflow-y:auto!important;display:flex!important;flex-direction:column!important;align-items:center!important;contain:inline-size}body #center-content>.obsidian-document>.markdown-preview-sizer{padding-bottom:80vh;width:100%;max-width:var(--line-width);flex-basis:var(--line-width);transition:background-color var(--color-fade-speed) ease-in-out;contain:inline-size}#center-content>.obsidian-document>div{width:100%!important;transition:background-color var(--color-fade-speed) ease-in-out;contain:inline-size}#center-content>.obsidian-document:not([data-type=markdown]).embed{display:flex;padding:1em;height:100%;width:100%;align-items:center;justify-content:center}#center-content>.obsidian-document:not([data-type=markdown]).embed>*{max-width:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain}:not(h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,li):has(> :is(.math,table)){overflow-x:auto!important}#center-content>.obsidian-document:not([data-type=markdown]){overflow-x:auto;contain:content;padding:0;margin:0;height:100%}.obsidian-document[data-type=attachment]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;height:100%;width:100%}.obsidian-document[data-type=attachment]>*{outline:0;border:none;box-shadow:none}.obsidian-document[data-type=attachment] :is(img){max-width:90%;max-height:90%;object-fit:contain}.obsidian-document[data-type=attachment]>:is(audio){width:100%;max-width:min(90%,var(--line-width))}.obsidian-document[data-type=attachment]>:is(embed,iframe,video){width:100%;height:100%;max-width:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain}.canvas-wrapper>:is(.header,.footer){z-index:100;position:absolute;display:flex;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;width:100%;align-items:center}.scroll-highlight{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;pointer-events:none;z-index:1000;background-color:hsla(var(--color-accent-hsl),.25);opacity:0;padding:1em;inset:50%;translate:-50% -50%;border-radius:var(--radius-s)}</style><script defer="">async function loadIncludes(){let e=document.querySelectorAll("link[itemprop='include']");for(const t of e){let e=t.getAttribute("href");try{let o="";if(e.startsWith("https:")||e.startsWith("http:")||"file:"!=window.location.protocol){const n=await fetch(e);if(!n.ok){console.log("Could not include file: "+e),t?.remove();continue}o=await n.text()}else{const t=document.getElementById(btoa(encodeURI(e)));if(t){const e=JSON.parse(decodeURI(atob(t.getAttribute("value")??"")));o=e?.data??""}}let n=document.createRange().createContextualFragment(o);t.before(n),t.remove(),console.log("Included text: "+o),console.log("Included file: "+e)}catch(o){t?.remove(),console.log("Could not include file: "+e,o);continue}}}document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",(()=>{loadIncludes()}));let isFileProtocol="file:"==location.protocol;function waitLoadScripts(e,t){let o=e.map((e=>document.getElementById(e+"-script")));!function e(n){let l=o[n],c=n+1;l?(l&&"true"!=l.getAttribute("loaded")||n<o.length&&e(c),n<o.length&&l.addEventListener("load",(()=>e(c)))):n<o.length?e(c):t()}(0)}</script><div id="main"><div id="navbar"></div><div id="main-horizontal"><div id="left-content" class="leaf" style="--sidebar-width: var(--sidebar-width-left);"><div id="left-sidebar" class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-handle"></div><div class="sidebar-topbar"><div class="topbar-content"><div id="search-container"><div id="search-wrapper"><input enterkeyhint="search" type="search" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Search..."><div aria-label="Clear search" id="search-clear-button"></div></div></div></div><div class="clickable-icon sidebar-collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="3" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon"><path d="M21 3H3C1.89543 3 1 3.89543 1 5V19C1 20.1046 1.89543 21 3 21H21C22.1046 21 23 20.1046 23 19V5C23 3.89543 22.1046 3 21 3Z"></path><path d="M10 4V20"></path><path d="M4 7H7"></path><path d="M4 10H7"></path><path d="M4 13H7"></path></svg></div></div><div class="sidebar-content-wrapper"><div id="left-sidebar-content" class="leaf-content"><link itemprop="include" href="site-lib/html/file-tree-content.html"></div></div><script defer="">let ls = document.querySelector("#left-sidebar"); ls.classList.toggle("is-collapsed", window.innerWidth < 768); ls.style.setProperty("--sidebar-width", localStorage.getItem("sidebar-left-width"));</script></div></div><div id="center-content" class="leaf"><div class="obsidian-document markdown-preview-view markdown-rendered node-insert-event is-readable-line-width allow-fold-headings allow-fold-lists show-indentation-guide show-properties" data-type="markdown"><style id="MJX-CHTML-styles">mjx-container[jax=CHTML]{line-height:0}mjx-container [space="1"]{margin-left:.111em}mjx-container [space="2"]{margin-left:.167em}mjx-container [space="3"]{margin-left:.222em}mjx-container [space="4"]{margin-left:.278em}mjx-container [space="5"]{margin-left:.333em}mjx-container [rspace="1"]{margin-right:.111em}mjx-container [rspace="2"]{margin-right:.167em}mjx-container [rspace="3"]{margin-right:.222em}mjx-container [rspace="4"]{margin-right:.278em}mjx-container [rspace="5"]{margin-right:.333em}mjx-container [size="s"]{font-size:70.7%}mjx-container [size=ss]{font-size:50%}mjx-container [size=Tn]{font-size:60%}mjx-container [size=sm]{font-size:85%}mjx-container [size=lg]{font-size:120%}mjx-container [size=Lg]{font-size:144%}mjx-container [size=LG]{font-size:173%}mjx-container [size=hg]{font-size:207%}mjx-container [size=HG]{font-size:249%}mjx-container [width=full]{width:100%}mjx-box{display:inline-block}mjx-block{display:block}mjx-itable{display:inline-table}mjx-row{display:table-row}mjx-row>*{display:table-cell}mjx-mtext{display:inline-block}mjx-mstyle{display:inline-block}mjx-merror{display:inline-block;color:red;background-color:#ff0}mjx-mphantom{visibility:hidden}mjx-assistive-mml{top:0;left:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);user-select:none;position:absolute!important;padding:1px 0 0!important;border:0!important;display:block!important;width:auto!important;overflow:hidden!important}mjx-assistive-mml[display=block]{width:100%!important}mjx-math{display:inline-block;text-align:left;line-height:0;text-indent:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-size:100%;font-size-adjust:none;letter-spacing:normal;border-collapse:collapse;overflow-wrap:normal;word-spacing:normal;white-space:nowrap;direction:ltr;padding:1px 0}mjx-container[jax=CHTML][display=true]{display:block;text-align:center;margin:1em 0}mjx-container[jax=CHTML][display=true][width=full]{display:flex}mjx-container[jax=CHTML][display=true] mjx-math{padding:0}mjx-container[jax=CHTML][justify=left]{text-align:left}mjx-container[jax=CHTML][justify=right]{text-align:right}mjx-mi{display:inline-block;text-align:left}mjx-c{display:inline-block}mjx-utext{display:inline-block;padding:.75em 0 .2em}mjx-c::before{display:block;width:0}.MJX-TEX{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX}.TEX-B{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-B}.TEX-I{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-I}.TEX-MI{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-MI}.TEX-BI{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-BI}.TEX-S1{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-S1}.TEX-S2{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-S2}.TEX-S3{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-S3}.TEX-S4{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-S4}.TEX-A{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-A}.TEX-C{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-C}.TEX-CB{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-CB}.TEX-FR{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-FR}.TEX-FRB{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-FRB}.TEX-SS{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-SS}.TEX-SSB{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-SSB}.TEX-SSI{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-SSI}.TEX-SC{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-SC}.TEX-T{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-T}.TEX-V{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-V}.TEX-VB{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-VB}mjx-stretchy-h mjx-c,mjx-stretchy-v mjx-c{font-family:MJXZERO,MJXTEX-S1,MJXTEX-S4,MJXTEX,MJXTEX-A!important}@font-face{font-family:MJXZERO;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_zero.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_main-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-B;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_main-bold.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-I;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_math-italic.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-MI;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_main-italic.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-BI;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_math-bolditalic.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-S1;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_size1-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-S2;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_size2-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-S3;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_size3-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-S4;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_size4-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-A;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_ams-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-C;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_calligraphic-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-CB;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_calligraphic-bold.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-FR;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_fraktur-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-FRB;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_fraktur-bold.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-SS;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_sansserif-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-SSB;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_sansserif-bold.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-SSI;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_sansserif-italic.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-SC;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_script-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-T;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_typewriter-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-V;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_vector-regular.woff") format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MJXTEX-VB;src:url("site-lib/fonts/mathjax_vector-bold.woff") format("woff")}mjx-c.mjx-c1D465.TEX-I::before{padding:.442em .572em .011em 0;content:"x"}</style><div class="markdown-preview-sizer markdown-preview-section"><div class="header"><h1 class="page-title heading inline-title" id="Mosici_0">Mosici</h1><div class="data-bar"></div></div><div class="markdown-preview-pusher" style="width: 1px; height: 0.1px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto"><a href="?query=tag:language" class="tag is-unresolved" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow" data-href="#language">#language</a> </p></div><div class="el-h1"><h1 data-heading="Sounds ⁊ Letters" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Sounds_⁊_Letters_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Sounds ⁊ Letters</h1></div><div class="el-h2"><h2 data-heading="Phonology and phonotactics" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Phonology_and_phonotactics_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Phonology and phonotactics</h2></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Mosici has the following phonemes:</p></div><div class="el-table" dir="auto" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th dir="auto"></th>
<th dir="ltr">Labials</th>
<th dir="ltr">Coronals</th>
<th dir="ltr">Palatals</th>
<th dir="ltr">Dorsals</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Nasals</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">m</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">n</span></td>
<td dir="auto"></td>
<td dir="auto"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Stops</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">p</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">t</span></td>
<td dir="auto"></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">k</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Fricatives</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">f v</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">s z</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">ɕ ʑ</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">ʀ</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Approximants</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">w</span></td>
<td dir="auto"></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">j</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">ʟ</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-table" dir="auto" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th dir="auto"></th>
<th dir="ltr">Front</th>
<th dir="ltr">Back</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Close</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">i y</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">u</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Close-Mid</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">e ø</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">o</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Open-Mid</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">ɛ</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">ɔ</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Open</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">a</span></td>
<td dir="auto"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Vowels can also all be long, nasalised, or both.<br>
There are also the following allophony rules:</p></div><div class="el-ul"><ul class="has-list-bullet">
<li data-line="0" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>Plosives are realised as voiced next to voiced fricatives and approximants.</li>
<li data-line="1" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>Plosives are realised as non-sibilant fricatives at the end of words</li>
<li data-line="2" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="list-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>For the dorsal plosive and approximant:
<ul class="has-list-bullet">
<li data-line="3" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>They are realised as palata before <span class="ipa">/i y e j/</span> or their long and/or nasalised variants</li>
<li data-line="4" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>They are realised as uvular before /u o w/ or their long and/or nasalised variants</li>
<li data-line="5" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>They are realised as palatal after /i e j/ or their long and/or nasalised variants</li>
<li data-line="6" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>Otherwise they are realised as velar</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li data-line="7" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>The dorsal approximant <span class="ipa">/ʟ/</span> is realised as <span class="ipa">[ẅ]</span> in coda position</li>
<li data-line="8" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>The dorsal approximant <span class="ipa">/ʀ/</span> is realised as <span class="ipa">[ɐ̯]</span> in coda position</li>
<li data-line="9" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>The dorsal fricative <span class="ipa">/ʀ/</span> is realised as <span class="ipa">[ʁ]</span> after consonants</li>
<li data-line="10" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">/n/</span> nasalises a preceding vowel</li>
<li data-line="11" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">/n/</span> is silent in coda positions (still nasalising tho)</li>
<li data-line="12" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">/n/</span> assimilates to <span class="ipa">[ɲ]</span> after a palatal consonant as well as before <span class="ipa">/i e j/</span>, and to <span class="ipa">[ŋ]</span> after a velar consonant</li>
</ul></div><div class="el-h2"><h2 data-heading="Coalescence" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Coalescence_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Coalescence</h2></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Mosici doesn't allow consecutive vowels inside of words. To resolve would-be hiatuses, a coalescence process is used.<br>
This process is historic for all native words, but it still current to resolve diphthongs in loan words and is necessary to understand to read the written language, as the spelling was fixed before that sound change occurred.</p></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The process goes thusly (before applying the allophony):</p></div><div class="el-ol"><ol>
<li data-line="0" dir="auto">Group all consecutive vowels by pairs, starting at near the start of the word; </li>
<li data-line="1" dir="auto">Combine all pairs of vowels according to the table below (the first vowel indexes the row, and the second vowel indexes the column);</li>
<li data-line="2" dir="auto">If any vowel is long, the resulting vowel is long;</li>
<li data-line="3" dir="auto">Repeat from <a data-tooltip-position="top" aria-label="^coal-proc-1" data-href="#^coal-proc-1" href="#^coal-proc-1" class="internal-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">1</a> until all hiatus has been resolved.</li>
</ol></div><div class="el-table" dir="auto" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center" dir="auto"></th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">a</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">ɛ</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">ɔ</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">e</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">ø</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">o</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">i</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">y</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">u</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>a</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">a</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɛ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɛ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">e</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">o</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>ɛ</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɛ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">e</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>ɔ</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">o</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">o</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>e</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɛ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">e</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>ø</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">e</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">e</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>o</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">o</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">u</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>i</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ja</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">jɛ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">jɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">je</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">jø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">jo</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ji</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">jy</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ju</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>y</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><strong>u</strong></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">wa</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">wɛ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">wɔ</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">we</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">wø</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">wo</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">wi</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">y</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">u</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-h2"><h2 data-heading="The Nahan Script" dir="auto" class="heading" id="The_Nahan_Script_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>The Nahan Script</h2></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Mosici is written in the nahan alphabet (also named the Polia(h)r alphabet), which has the follwoing letters, digraphs and diacritics. The diacritic on the vowels is called the <span class="s-nah">sitrapaóha</span> <span class="ipa">[ɕdʁapɔː]</span> (plural <span class="s-nah">sitrapaóhaa</span> <span class="ipa">[ɕdʁapoː]</span>)</p></div><div class="el-table" dir="ltr" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Letter</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Transliteration</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Value (IPA)</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Name</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Name (IPA)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">p</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">p</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/p/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">paí</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[pe]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">o</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">o</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/o/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ós</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[us]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">l</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">l</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/ʟ/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">lán</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[ʟɔ̃]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">i</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">i</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/e/</span>, <span class="ipa">/j/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">írne</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[iɐ̯nɛ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">a</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">a</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/a/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ánp</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[ɔ̃ɸ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">h</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">h</td>
<td align="center" dir="auto"><span class="ipa">/∅/</span><sup data-footnote-id="fnref-1-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref-1-59c4071c13925654"><a data-footref="1" href="#fn-1-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">[1]</a></sup></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">hapfe</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[apfɛ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">r</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">r</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/ʀ/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">fastesiec hapfe</span> <sup data-footnote-id="fnref-2-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref-2-59c4071c13925654"><a data-footref="2" href="#fn-2-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">[2]</a></sup><br></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[fasteɕɛx apfɛ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">c</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/k/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">cal</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[kaẅ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">n</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">n</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/n/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">naol</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[nɔẅ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">e</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">e</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/e/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">éstal</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[istaẅ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">s</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">s</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/s/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">sipal</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[ɕpaẅ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">z</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">z</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/z/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">fastesiec sipal</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[fasteɕɛx ɕpaẅ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">f</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">f</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/f/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">fasoh</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[fasoː]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">v</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">v</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/v/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">fastesiec fasoh</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[fasteɕex fasoː]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">m</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">m</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/m/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">milá</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[miʎɔ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">t</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/t/</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">tecio</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">[tɛɟjo]</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div></div><div></div><div class="el-table" dir="ltr" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Spelling</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Transliteration</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Value (IPA)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ó</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">ó</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/u/</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">í</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">í</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/i/</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">á</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">á</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/ɔ/</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">é</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">é</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/i/</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">si</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">si</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/ɕ/</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">zi</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">zi</td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr"><span class="ipa">/ʑ/</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The Nahan script also uses a number of punctuation marks:</p></div><div class="el-table" dir="ltr" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Symbols</th>
<th align="center" dir="ltr">Transcriptions</th>
<th align="left" dir="ltr">Notes</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="auto"><span class="s-nah">,</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="auto">,</td>
<td align="left" dir="ltr">Comma, indicates a short pause in the sentence</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="auto"><span class="s-nah">.</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="auto">.</td>
<td align="left" dir="ltr">Period, indicates the end of a sentence</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="auto"><span class="s-nah">( )</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">“ ” or [ ]</td>
<td align="left" dir="ltr">Used as quotes, as well as around numerals<sup data-footnote-id="fnref-3-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref-3-59c4071c13925654"><a data-footref="3" href="#fn-3-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">[3]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="auto"><span class="s-nah">-</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">· or ’</td>
<td align="left" dir="ltr">Middle dot, used to separate clitics</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" dir="auto"><span class="s-nah">:</span></td>
<td align="center" dir="ltr">: or . depending on use</td>
<td align="left" dir="ltr">Introduces lists, or indicates an abbreviation</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div></div><div class="el-h2"><h2 data-heading="Examples" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Examples_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Examples</h2></div><div class="el-ul"><ul class="has-list-bullet">
<li data-line="0" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">tráiheíns</span> tráiheíns “fox”<br>
<span class="ipa">〈tʀɔiːɛins〉</span></li>
<li data-line="2" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span>*<span class="ipa">/tʀ<span class="accent">øːi</span>ns/</span> (Coalescence 1)</li>
<li data-line="3" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">/tʀ<span class="accent">yː</span>ns/</span> (Coalescence 2)</li>
<li data-line="4" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">[d<span class="accent">ʁ</span>ỹːs]</span> (Allophony rules)</li>
<li data-line="5" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">moséceec</span> moséceec “of the isles”<br>
<span class="ipa">〈mosicɛɛk〉</span></li>
<li data-line="7" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">/mosik<span class="accent">i</span>k/</span> (Coalescence)</li>
<li data-line="8" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">[mosi<span class="accent">c</span>i<span class="accent">ç</span>]</span> (Allophony rules)</li>
<li data-line="9" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">an-nielvc</span> an·nielvc "of Nyelaf"<br>
<span class="ipa">〈annjɛʟvk〉</span></li>
<li data-line="11" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">/<span class="accent">an</span>jɛʟvk/</span> (Particle shenanigans)</li>
<li data-line="12" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="ipa">[<span class="accent">ã</span>njɛ<span class="accent">ẅ</span>v<span class="accent">ɣ</span>]</span> (Allophony rules)</li>
</ul></div><div class="el-h1"><h1 data-heading="Morphology" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Morphology_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Morphology</h1></div><div class="el-h2"><h2 data-heading="Nouns" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Nouns_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Nouns</h2></div><div class="el-h3"><h3 data-heading="Number" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Number_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Number</h3></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Number is marked by a change of the last vowel of the root according to the patter in the following table. in practice the pronunciation of the plural isn't derivable from the pronunciation of the singular.</p></div><div class="el-table" dir="ltr" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th dir="ltr">Singluar</th>
<th dir="ltr">Plurau</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">o</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">oo</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ó</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">óo</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">i</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ii</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">í</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">íi</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">a</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aa</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">á</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">áa</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">e</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ee</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">é</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ée</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-h3"><h3 data-heading="Simple cases" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Simple_cases_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Simple cases</h3></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">For the main roles, there are 7 patterns: the concatenative pattern and the 6 substitutive patterns: <span class="s-nah">s</span>, <span class="s-nah">z</span>, <span class="s-nah">ts</span>, <span class="s-nah">tz</span>, <span class="s-nah">cs</span>, and <span class="s-nah">cz</span>.</p></div><div class="el-table" dir="auto" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th dir="auto"></th>
<th dir="ltr">Concat</th>
<th dir="ltr">Subst <span class="s-nah">s</span></th>
<th dir="ltr">Subst <span class="s-nah">z</span></th>
<th dir="ltr">Subst <span class="s-nah">ts</span></th>
<th dir="ltr">Subst <span class="s-nah">tz</span></th>
<th dir="ltr">Subst <span class="s-nah">cs</span></th>
<th dir="ltr">Subst <span class="s-nah">cz</span></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Topic</strong></td>
<td dir="auto">∅</td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">s</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">z</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">ts</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">tz</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">cs</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">cz</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Oblique</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">t</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Genitive</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">c</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Dative</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">si</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">si</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">zi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">tsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">tzi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">csi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">czi</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>Ablative</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">via</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">via</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">via</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">tvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">tvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">cvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr">-<span class="s-nah">cvia</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-h4"><h4 data-heading="Topic" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Topic_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Topic</h4></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The topic case (<code>TOP</code>) indicates the topic of the clause. it is the agent of active clauses and the patient of passive clauses.</p></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">loarne</span> aint ilálapih</span>.<br>
<span class="accent">loarne</span> aint ilálapih.<br>
<span class="accent">Loarne.TOP</span> DEM.OBL say.PAST.3SA<br>
<em><span class="accent">Loarne</span> said that</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-h4"><h4 data-heading="Oblique" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Oblique_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Oblique</h4></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The oblique case (<code>OBL</code>) indicates the less salient arguments of the clause that aren't indicated by another case. It indicates the patient of active clauses and the agent of passive clauses.</p></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">nríht</span> vionreeh</span><br>
<span class="accent">nríht</span> vionreeh<br>
<span class="accent">seed.PL.OBL</span> eat.PRES.3SA<br>
<em>They<sub>SG</sub> eat <span class="accent">seeds</span>.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-h4"><h4 data-heading="Genitive" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Genitive_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Genitive</h4></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The genitive case (<code>GEN</code>) indicates a possessive or qualifier.</p></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">ilc</span> ren</span><br>
<span class="accent">ilc</span> ren<br>
<span class="accent">1S.GEN</span> house.TOP<br>
<em><span class="accent">My</span> house</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">áhioc</span> isove</span><br>
<span class="accent">áhioc</span> isove<br>
<span class="accent">fiction.GEN</span> job<br>
<em><span class="accent">Fictional</span> job</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-h4"><h4 data-heading="Dative" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Dative_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Dative</h4></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The dative case (<code>DAT</code>) indicates the beneficiary of a ditransitive verbs, as well as the qualification direction faced. It however doesn't indicates the destination of verbs of movement towards. For those, use the <a data-href="#oblique" href="#oblique" class="internal-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">oblique</a> case, the dative indicates the means of movement instead.</p></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">elsi</span> rent siehíef.</span><br>
<span class="accent">elsi</span> rent siehíef.<br>
<span class="accent">2S.DAT</span> house.OBL give.PRES.1S<br>
<em>I give <span class="accent">you</span> a house.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah">an-sialmosécet <span class="accent">foítztselasi</span> oisailin.</span><br>
an·sialmosécet <span class="accent">foítztselasi</span> oisailin.<br>
PPN=Chalmosique.OBL <span class="accent">train.DAT</span> go.PAST.2S<br>
<em>You went to Chalmosique <span class="accent">by train</span>.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-h4"><h4 data-heading="Ablative" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Ablative_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Ablative</h4></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The ablative case (<code>ABL</code>) indicates the source of ditransitive verbs, as well as indicating the tool of the action.<br>
It however doesn't indicate the source of verbs of movements away from. For those, use the <a data-href="#oblique" href="#oblique" class="internal-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">oblique</a> case, the ablative indicates the means of movement instead.</p></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">hoévenvia</span> cirtív</span><br>
<span class="accent">hoévenvia</span> cirtív<br>
<span class="accent">pen.ABL</span> write.PAST.1PE<br>
<em>We<sub>EXCL</sub> wrote <span class="accent">with a pen</span>.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah">ie <span class="accent">an-cairniasialvia</span></span><br>
ie <span class="accent">an·cairniasialvia</span><br>
3SA.TOP <span class="accent">PPN=Cairniasial.ABL</span><br>
<em>They<sub>SG</sub> are <span class="accent">from Cairniasial</span></em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah">sialt <span class="accent">fatóirvia</span> hastereón</span><br>
sialt <span class="accent">fatóirvia</span> hastereón<br>
city.OBL <span class="accent">boat.ABL</span> exit.FUT.2P<br>
<em>You'll leave the city <span class="accent">by boat</span>.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-h3"><h3 data-heading="Compound cases" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Compound_cases_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Compound cases</h3></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Compound cases are extra cased constructed on top of the base 5 cases</p></div><div class="el-h4"><h4 data-heading="Spatial Locatives" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Spatial_Locatives_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Spatial Locatives</h4></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">The spatial locative cases (<code>LOCSP</code>) is used to indicate a spacial location. it is marked by expressing the noun in the genitive case, followed by the <span class="s-nah">(la)</span> particle.</p></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">an-Vansterilc la</span>.</span><br>
il <span class="accent">an·Vansterilc‿la</span>.<br>
1S.TOP <span class="accent">PPN=Vansteril.GEN‿LOCSP</span>.<br>
<em>I’m <span class="accent">in Vansteril</span>.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-h4"><h4 data-heading="Temporal Locatives" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Temporal_Locatives_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Temporal Locatives</h4></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">There are four temporal locatives: past, present, future and gnomic (<code>LOCTMP.PAST</code>, ...<code>PRES</code>, ...<code>FUT</code> and ...<code>GNO</code>). The past case (resp. present and future) is used, as it's name indicates, to locate events that happened in the past (resp. present and future). The gnomic case locates events that are either generally happeneing, happening at an unknown point in time, or happening repeatedly.<br>
The past case (resp. present, future, gnomic) are indicated by expressing the noun in the oblique followed by the particle <span class="s-nah">(anip)</span> (resp <span class="s-nah">(anep)</span>, <span class="s-nah">(anop)</span>, <span class="s-nah">(anap)</span>)<br>
However the present case is rarely used outside of set phrases like <span class="s-nah">(vint anep)</span> “today” or <span class="s-nah">(mpat anep)</span> “now”</p></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">vint anep</span> mareves</span><br>
<span class="accent">vint‿anep</span> mareves<br>
<span class="accent">day.OBL‿LOCTMP.PRES</span> be_cold.PRES.3SI<br>
<em>It’s cold <span class="accent">today</span>.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">vionreipt anip</span> cirtin</span><br>
il <span class="accent">vionreipt‿anip</span> cirtin<br>
1S.TOP <span class="accent">eat.PAST.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.PAST</span> write.PAST.2S<br>
<em><span class="accent">When</span> I <span class="accent">ate</span>, I wrote.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">vionreopt anop</span> cirton</span><br>
il <span class="accent">vionreopt‿anop</span> cirton<br>
1S.TOP <span class="accent">eat.FUT.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.FUT</span> write.FUT.2S<br>
<em><span class="accent">When</span> I<span class="accent">’ll eat</span>, I’ll write.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-blockquote"><blockquote dir="auto">
<p><span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">vionreapt anap</span> cirtan</span><br>
il <span class="accent">vionreapt‿anap</span> cirtan<br>
1S.TOP <span class="accent">eat.GNO.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.GNO</span> write.GNO.2S<br>
<em><span class="accent">Whenever</span> I <span class="accent">eat</span>, I write.</em></p>
</blockquote></div><div class="el-h3"><h3 data-heading="Proper noun clitic" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Proper_noun_clitic_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Proper noun clitic</h3></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Proper nouns that aren't personal names always take the proper noun clitic <span class="s-nah">(an)</span> (<code>PPN</code>)</p></div><div class="el-h3"><h3 data-heading="Pronouns" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Pronouns_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Pronouns</h3></div><div class="el-table" dir="auto" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th dir="auto"></th>
<th dir="ltr">1S</th>
<th dir="ltr">2S</th>
<th dir="ltr">3SI</th>
<th dir="ltr">3SA</th>
<th dir="ltr">1PE</th>
<th dir="ltr">1PI</th>
<th dir="ltr">2P</th>
<th dir="ltr">3PI</th>
<th dir="ltr">3PA</th>
<th dir="ltr">Q</th>
<th dir="ltr">DEM</th>
<th dir="ltr">DEM.PL</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>TOP</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">il</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">el</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ain</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ie</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">íl</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iél</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">él</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aín</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ié</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aóts</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpa</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpá</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>OBL</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ilt</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">elt</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aint</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iet</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ílt</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iélt</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">élt</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aínt</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iét</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aót</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpat</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpát</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>GEN</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ilc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">elc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ainc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iec</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ílc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iélc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">élc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aínc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iéc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aóc</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpac</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpác</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>DAT</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ílsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">elsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ainsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iesi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ílsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iélsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">élsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aínsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iési</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aótsi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpasi</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpási</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>ABL</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ilvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">elvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ainvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ievia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">ílvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iélvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">élvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aínvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">iévia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">aótvia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpavia</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">mpávia</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-h2"><h2 data-heading="Verbs" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Verbs_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Verbs</h2></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">Verbs are conjugated according to their tense and the grammatical person of the agent.<br>
Orthographically the pattern is completely regular, however the vowel coalescence (see <a data-href="#Coalescence" href="asteron/mosici.html#Coalescence_0" class="internal-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">Coalescence</a>) causes the pronunciation to be quite chaotic. The plural forms of past and present tense are always identical when spoken but distinguished in writing.</p></div><div class="el-table" dir="auto" style="overflow-x: auto;"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th dir="auto"></th>
<th dir="ltr">1S</th>
<th dir="ltr">2S</th>
<th dir="ltr">3SI</th>
<th dir="ltr">3SA</th>
<th dir="ltr">1PE</th>
<th dir="ltr">1PI</th>
<th dir="ltr">2P</th>
<th dir="ltr">3PI</th>
<th dir="ltr">3PA</th>
<th dir="ltr">INF</th>
<th dir="ltr">PCP.SG</th>
<th dir="ltr">PCP.PL</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>PAST</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-if</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-in</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-is</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ih</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ív</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ím</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ín</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-íz</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ír</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-i</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ip</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-íp</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>PRES</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ef</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-en</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-es</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-eh</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-év</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ém</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-én</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-éz</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ér</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-e</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ep</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ép</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>FUT</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-of</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-on</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-os</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-oh</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-óv</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-óm</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ón</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-óz</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ór</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-o</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-op</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-óp</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td dir="ltr"><strong>GNO</strong></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-af</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-an</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-as</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ah</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-áv</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ám</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-án</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-áz</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ár</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-a</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-ap</span></td>
<td dir="ltr"><span class="s-nah">-áp</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div><div class="el-p"><p dir="auto">All other facets of verb morphology are indicated by a great number of prefixes here are the more useful (look for the <code>#mos/verbmod</code> tag in the dictionary for a more complete list)</p></div><div class="el-ul"><ul class="has-list-bullet">
<li data-line="0" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">na-</span> passive voice</li>
<li data-line="1" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">siehi-</span> volontary causation</li>
<li data-line="2" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">sien-</span> involontary causation</li>
<li data-line="3" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">caó-</span> augmentative</li>
<li data-line="4" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">rel-</span> diminutive</li>
<li data-line="5" dir="auto"><span class="list-bullet"></span><span class="s-nah">rie-</span> conditional</li>
</ul></div><div class="el-h1"><h1 data-heading="Syntax" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Syntax_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Syntax</h1></div><div class="el-h1"><h1 data-heading="Numbers" dir="auto" class="heading" id="Numbers_0"><span class="heading-collapse-indicator collapse-indicator collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></span>Numbers</h1></div><div>
</div><div class="el-section"><section class="footnotes"><hr><ol>
<li data-line="-181" data-footnote-id="fn-1-59c4071c13925654" id="fn-1-59c4071c13925654" dir="auto"><p>Lengthens a preceeding vowel<a href="#fnref-1-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-backref footnote-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li data-line="-180" data-footnote-id="fn-2-59c4071c13925654" id="fn-2-59c4071c13925654" dir="auto"><p>Literally “sounded <span class="s-nah">h</span>”<a href="#fnref-2-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-backref footnote-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li data-line="-161" data-footnote-id="fn-3-59c4071c13925654" id="fn-3-59c4071c13925654" dir="auto"><p>in shortend or informal writings as well as for dates, a middle dot either side of the numeral is used instead<a href="#fnref-3-59c4071c13925654" class="footnote-backref footnote-link" target="_self" rel="noopener nofollow">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol></section></div><div class="footer"><div class="data-bar"></div></div></div></div></div><div id="right-content" class="leaf" style="--sidebar-width: var(--sidebar-width-right);"><div id="right-sidebar" class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-handle"></div><div class="sidebar-topbar"><div class="topbar-content"><label class="theme-toggle-container" for="theme-toggle-input" id=""><input class="theme-toggle-input" type="checkbox" id="theme-toggle-input"><div class="toggle-background"></div></label></div><div class="clickable-icon sidebar-collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="3" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon"><path d="M21 3H3C1.89543 3 1 3.89543 1 5V19C1 20.1046 1.89543 21 3 21H21C22.1046 21 23 20.1046 23 19V5C23 3.89543 22.1046 3 21 3Z"></path><path d="M10 4V20"></path><path d="M4 7H7"></path><path d="M4 10H7"></path><path d="M4 13H7"></path></svg></div></div><div class="sidebar-content-wrapper"><div id="right-sidebar-content" class="leaf-content"><div id="outline" class=" tree-container"><div class="feature-header"><div class="feature-title">Table Of Contents</div><button class="clickable-icon nav-action-button tree-collapse-all" aria-label="Collapse All"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></svg></button></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="1"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Mosici_0" data-path="#Mosici_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Mosici">Mosici</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item mod-collapsible" data-depth="1"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable mod-collapsible" href="asteron/mosici.html#Sounds_⁊_Letters_0" data-path="#Sounds_⁊_Letters_0"><div class="tree-item-icon collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></div><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Sounds ⁊ Letters">Sounds ⁊ Letters</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"><div class="tree-item" data-depth="2"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Phonology_and_phonotactics_0" data-path="#Phonology_and_phonotactics_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Phonology and phonotactics">Phonology and phonotactics</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="2"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Coalescence_0" data-path="#Coalescence_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Coalescence">Coalescence</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="2"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#The_Nahan_Script_0" data-path="#The_Nahan_Script_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="The Nahan Script">The Nahan Script</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="2"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Examples_0" data-path="#Examples_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Examples">Examples</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div></div></div><div class="tree-item mod-collapsible" data-depth="1"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable mod-collapsible" href="asteron/mosici.html#Morphology_0" data-path="#Morphology_0"><div class="tree-item-icon collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></div><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Morphology">Morphology</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"><div class="tree-item mod-collapsible" data-depth="2"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable mod-collapsible" href="asteron/mosici.html#Nouns_0" data-path="#Nouns_0"><div class="tree-item-icon collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></div><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Nouns">Nouns</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"><div class="tree-item" data-depth="3"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Number_0" data-path="#Number_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Number">Number</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item mod-collapsible" data-depth="3"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable mod-collapsible" href="asteron/mosici.html#Simple_cases_0" data-path="#Simple_cases_0"><div class="tree-item-icon collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></div><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Simple cases">Simple cases</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"><div class="tree-item" data-depth="4"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Topic_0" data-path="#Topic_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Topic">Topic</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="4"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Oblique_0" data-path="#Oblique_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Oblique">Oblique</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="4"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Genitive_0" data-path="#Genitive_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Genitive">Genitive</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="4"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Dative_0" data-path="#Dative_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Dative">Dative</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="4"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Ablative_0" data-path="#Ablative_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Ablative">Ablative</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div></div></div><div class="tree-item mod-collapsible" data-depth="3"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable mod-collapsible" href="asteron/mosici.html#Compound_cases_0" data-path="#Compound_cases_0"><div class="tree-item-icon collapse-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="svg-icon right-triangle"><path d="M3 8L12 17L21 8"></path></svg></div><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Compound cases">Compound cases</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"><div class="tree-item" data-depth="4"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Spatial_Locatives_0" data-path="#Spatial_Locatives_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Spatial Locatives">Spatial Locatives</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="4"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Temporal_Locatives_0" data-path="#Temporal_Locatives_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Temporal Locatives">Temporal Locatives</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="3"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Proper_noun_clitic_0" data-path="#Proper_noun_clitic_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Proper noun clitic">Proper noun clitic</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="3"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Pronouns_0" data-path="#Pronouns_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Pronouns">Pronouns</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="2"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Verbs_0" data-path="#Verbs_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Verbs">Verbs</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="1"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Syntax_0" data-path="#Syntax_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Syntax">Syntax</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div><div class="tree-item" data-depth="1"><a class="tree-item-self is-clickable" href="asteron/mosici.html#Numbers_0" data-path="#Numbers_0"><div class="tree-item-inner heading-link" heading-name="Numbers">Numbers</div></a><div class="tree-item-children"></div></div></div></div></div><script defer="">let rs = document.querySelector("#right-sidebar"); rs.classList.toggle("is-collapsed", window.innerWidth < 768); rs.style.setProperty("--sidebar-width", localStorage.getItem("sidebar-right-width"));</script></div></div></div></div></body></html>
View Git Blame Copy Permalink