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1
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Mosici has the following phonemes:
| | Labials | Coronals | Palatals | Dorsals |
| ---------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Nasals** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">m</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">n</span> | | |
| **Stops** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">p</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">t</span> | | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">k</span> |
| **Fricatives** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">f v</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">s z</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">ɕ ʑ</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">ʀ</span> |
| **Approximants** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">w</span> | | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">j</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">ʟ</span> |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Nasals** | <span class="ipa">m</span> | <span class="ipa">n</span> | | |
| **Stops** | <span class="ipa">p</span> | <span class="ipa">t</span> | | <span class="ipa">k</span> |
| **Fricatives** | <span class="ipa">f v</span> | <span class="ipa">s z</span> | <span class="ipa">ɕ ʑ</span> | <span class="ipa">ʀ</span> |
| **Approximants** | <span class="ipa">w</span> | | <span class="ipa">j</span> | <span class="ipa">ʟ</span> |
| | Front | Back |
| ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Close** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">i y</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">u</span> |
| **Close-Mid** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">e ø</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">o</span> |
| **Open-Mid** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">ɛ</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">ɔ</span> |
| **Open** | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">a</span> | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Close** | <span class="ipa">i y</span> | <span class="ipa">u</span> |
| **Close-Mid** | <span class="ipa">e ø</span> | <span class="ipa">o</span> |
| **Open-Mid** | <span class="ipa">ɛ</span> | <span class="ipa">ɔ</span> |
| **Open** | <span class="ipa">a</span> | |
Vowels can also all be long, nasalised, or both.
There are also the following allophony rules:
- Plosives are realised as voiced next to voiced fricatives and approximants.
- Plosives are realised as non-sibilant fricatives at the end of words
- For the dorsal plosive and approximant:
- They are realised as palata before <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/i y e j/</span> or their long and/or nasalised variants
- They are realised as palata before <span class="ipa">/i y e j/</span> or their long and/or nasalised variants
- They are realised as uvular before /u o w/ or their long and/or nasalised variants
- They are realised as palatal after /i e j/ or their long and/or nasalised variants
- Otherwise they are realised as velar
- The dorsal approximant <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ʟ/</span> is realised as <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ẅ]</span> in coda position
- The dorsal approximant <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ʀ/</span> is realised as <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ɐ̯]</span> in coda position
- The dorsal fricative <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ʀ/</span> is realised as <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ʁ]</span> after consonants
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/n/</span> nasalises a preceding vowel
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/n/</span> is silent in coda positions (still nasalising tho)
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/n/</span> assimilates to <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ɲ]</span> after a palatal consonant as well as before <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/i e j/</span>, and to <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ŋ]</span> after a velar consonant
- The dorsal approximant <span class="ipa">/ʟ/</span> is realised as <span class="ipa">[ẅ]</span> in coda position
- The dorsal approximant <span class="ipa">/ʀ/</span> is realised as <span class="ipa">[ɐ̯]</span> in coda position
- The dorsal fricative <span class="ipa">/ʀ/</span> is realised as <span class="ipa">[ʁ]</span> after consonants
- <span class="ipa">/n/</span> nasalises a preceding vowel
- <span class="ipa">/n/</span> is silent in coda positions (still nasalising tho)
- <span class="ipa">/n/</span> assimilates to <span class="ipa">[ɲ]</span> after a palatal consonant as well as before <span class="ipa">/i e j/</span>, and to <span class="ipa">[ŋ]</span> after a velar consonant
## Coalescence
Mosici doesn't allow consecutive vowels inside of words. To resolve would-be hiatuses, a coalescence process is used.
This process is historic for all native words, but it still current to resolve diphthongs in loan words and is necessary to understand to read the written language, as the spelling was fixed before that sound change occurred.
@ -53,62 +53,62 @@ The process goes thusly (before applying the allophony):
| **y** | ø | ø | ø | ø | y | ø | i | y | y |
| **u** | wa | wɛ | wɔ | we | wø | wo | wi | y | u |
## The Nahan Script
Mosici is written in the nahan alphabet (also named the Polia(h)r alphabet), which has the follwoing letters, digraphs and diacritics. The diacritic on the vowels is called the <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">sitrapaóha</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ɕdʁapɔː]</span> (plural <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">sitrapaóhaa</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ɕdʁapoː]</span>)
Mosici is written in the nahan alphabet (also named the Polia(h)r alphabet), which has the follwoing letters, digraphs and diacritics. The diacritic on the vowels is called the <span class="s-nah">sitrapaóha</span> <span class="ipa">[ɕdʁapɔː]</span> (plural <span class="s-nah">sitrapaóhaa</span> <span class="ipa">[ɕdʁapoː]</span>)
| Letter | Transliteration | Value (IPA) | Name | Name (IPA) |
| :---------------------------------------------------------: | :-------------: | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------: |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">p</span> | p | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/p/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">paí</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pe]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">o</span> | o | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/o/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ós</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[us]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">l</span> | l | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ʟ/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">lán</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ʟɔ̃]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">i</span> | i | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/e/</span>, <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/j/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">írne</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[iɐ̯nɛ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">a</span> | a | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/a/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ánp</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ɔ̃ɸ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">h</span> | h | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/∅/</span>[^1] | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">hapfe</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[apfɛ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">r</span> | r | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ʀ/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">fastesiec hapfe</span> [^2]<br> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[fasteɕɛx apfɛ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> | c | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/k/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cal</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[kaẅ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">n</span> | n | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/n/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">naol</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[nɔẅ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">e</span> | e | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/e/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">éstal</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[istaẅ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">s</span> | s | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/s/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">sipal</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ɕpaẅ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">z</span> | z | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/z/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">fastesiec sipal</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[fasteɕɛx ɕpaẅ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">f</span> | f | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/f/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">fasoh</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[fasoː]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">v</span> | v | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/v/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">fastesiec fasoh</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[fasteɕex fasoː]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">m</span> | m | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/m/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">milá</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[miʎɔ]</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> | t | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/t/</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tecio</span> | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[tɛɟjo]</span> |
| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
| <span class="s-nah">p</span> | p | <span class="ipa">/p/</span> | <span class="s-nah">paí</span> | <span class="ipa">[pe]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">o</span> | o | <span class="ipa">/o/</span> | <span class="s-nah">ós</span> | <span class="ipa">[us]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">l</span> | l | <span class="ipa">/ʟ/</span> | <span class="s-nah">lán</span> | <span class="ipa">[ʟɔ̃]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">i</span> | i | <span class="ipa">/e/</span>, <span class="ipa">/j/</span> | <span class="s-nah">írne</span> | <span class="ipa">[iɐ̯nɛ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">a</span> | a | <span class="ipa">/a/</span> | <span class="s-nah">ánp</span> | <span class="ipa">[ɔ̃ɸ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">h</span> | h | <span class="ipa">/∅/</span>[^1] | <span class="s-nah">hapfe</span> | <span class="ipa">[apfɛ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">r</span> | r | <span class="ipa">/ʀ/</span> | <span class="s-nah">fastesiec hapfe</span> [^2]<br> | <span class="ipa">[fasteɕɛx apfɛ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">c</span> | c | <span class="ipa">/k/</span> | <span class="s-nah">cal</span> | <span class="ipa">[kaẅ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">n</span> | n | <span class="ipa">/n/</span> | <span class="s-nah">naol</span> | <span class="ipa">[nɔẅ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">e</span> | e | <span class="ipa">/e/</span> | <span class="s-nah">éstal</span> | <span class="ipa">[istaẅ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">s</span> | s | <span class="ipa">/s/</span> | <span class="s-nah">sipal</span> | <span class="ipa">[ɕpaẅ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">z</span> | z | <span class="ipa">/z/</span> | <span class="s-nah">fastesiec sipal</span> | <span class="ipa">[fasteɕɛx ɕpaẅ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">f</span> | f | <span class="ipa">/f/</span> | <span class="s-nah">fasoh</span> | <span class="ipa">[fasoː]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">v</span> | v | <span class="ipa">/v/</span> | <span class="s-nah">fastesiec fasoh</span> | <span class="ipa">[fasteɕex fasoː]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">m</span> | m | <span class="ipa">/m/</span> | <span class="s-nah">milá</span> | <span class="ipa">[miʎɔ]</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">t</span> | t | <span class="ipa">/t/</span> | <span class="s-nah">tecio</span> | <span class="ipa">[tɛɟjo]</span> |
[^1]: Lengthens a preceeding vowel
[^2]: Literally “sounded <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">h</span>
[^2]: Literally “sounded <span class="s-nah">h</span>
| Spelling | Transliteration | Value (IPA) |
| :----------------------------------------------------------: | :-------------: | :--------------------------------------------------------------: |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ó</span> | ó | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/u/</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">í</span> | í | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/i/</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">á</span> | á | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ɔ/</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">é</span> | é | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/i/</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">si</span> | si | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ɕ/</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">zi</span> | zi | <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/ʑ/</span> |
| :---: | :---: | :---: |
| <span class="s-nah">ó</span> | ó | <span class="ipa">/u/</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">í</span> | í | <span class="ipa">/i/</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">á</span> | á | <span class="ipa">/ɔ/</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">é</span> | é | <span class="ipa">/i/</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">si</span> | si | <span class="ipa">/ɕ/</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">zi</span> | zi | <span class="ipa">/ʑ/</span> |
The Nahan script also uses a number of punctuation marks:
| Symbols | Transcriptions | Notes |
| :-----------------------------------------------------------: | :---------------------: | :--------------------------------------------- |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">,</span> | , | Comma, indicates a short pause in the sentence |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">.</span> | . | Period, indicates the end of a sentence |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">( )</span> | “ ” or \[ \] | Used as quotes, as well as around numerals[^3] |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">\-</span> | · or | Middle dot, used to separate clitics |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">:</span> | : or . depending on use | Introduces lists, or indicates an abbreviation |
| :---: | :---: | :--- |
| <span class="s-nah">,</span> | , | Comma, indicates a short pause in the sentence |
| <span class="s-nah">.</span> | . | Period, indicates the end of a sentence |
| <span class="s-nah">( )</span> | “ ” or \[ \] | Used as quotes, as well as around numerals[^3] |
| <span class="s-nah">\-</span> | · or | Middle dot, used to separate clitics |
| <span class="s-nah">:</span> | : or . depending on use | Introduces lists, or indicates an abbreviation |
[^3]: in shortend or informal writings as well as for dates, a middle dot either side of the numeral is used instead
## Examples
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tráiheíns</span> tráiheíns “fox”
<span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">〈tʀɔiːɛins〉</span>
- \*<span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/tʀ<span style="color:red">øːi</span>ns/</span> (Coalescence 1)
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/tʀ<span style="color:red">yː</span>ns/</span> (Coalescence 2)
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[d<span style="color:red">ʁ</span>ːs]</span> (Allophony rules)
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">moséceec</span> moséceec “of the isles”
<span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">〈mosicɛɛk〉</span>
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/mosik<span style="color:red">i</span>k/</span> (Coalescence)
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[mosi<span style="color:red">c</span>i<span style="color:red">ç</span>]</span> (Allophony rules)
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">an-nielvc</span> an·nielvc "of Nyelaf"
<span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">〈annjɛʟvk〉</span>
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">/<span style="color:red">an</span>jɛʟvk/</span> (Particle shenanigans)
- <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[<span style="color:red">ã</span>njɛ<span style="color:red"></span>v<span style="color:red">ɣ</span>]</span> (Allophony rules)
- <span class="s-nah">tráiheíns</span> tráiheíns “fox”
<span class="ipa">〈tʀɔiːɛins〉</span>
- \*<span class="ipa">/tʀ<span class="accent">øːi</span>ns/</span> (Coalescence 1)
- <span class="ipa">/tʀ<span class="accent">yː</span>ns/</span> (Coalescence 2)
- <span class="ipa">[d<span class="accent">ʁ</span>ːs]</span> (Allophony rules)
- <span class="s-nah">moséceec</span> moséceec “of the isles”
<span class="ipa">〈mosicɛɛk〉</span>
- <span class="ipa">/mosik<span class="accent">i</span>k/</span> (Coalescence)
- <span class="ipa">[mosi<span class="accent">c</span>i<span class="accent">ç</span>]</span> (Allophony rules)
- <span class="s-nah">an-nielvc</span> an·nielvc "of Nyelaf"
<span class="ipa">〈annjɛʟvk〉</span>
- <span class="ipa">/<span class="accent">an</span>jɛʟvk/</span> (Particle shenanigans)
- <span class="ipa">[<span class="accent">ã</span>njɛ<span class="accent"></span>v<span class="accent">ɣ</span>]</span> (Allophony rules)
# Morphology
## Nouns
@ -117,139 +117,140 @@ The Nahan script also uses a number of punctuation marks:
Number is marked by a change of the last vowel of the root according to the patter in the following table. in practice the pronunciation of the plural isn't derivable from the pronunciation of the singular.
| Singluar | Plurau |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">o</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">oo</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ó</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">óo</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">i</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ii</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">í</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">íi</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">a</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aa</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">á</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">áa</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">e</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ee</span> |
| <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">é</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ée</span> |
| --- | --- |
| <span class="s-nah">o</span> | <span class="s-nah">oo</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">ó</span> | <span class="s-nah">óo</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">i</span> | <span class="s-nah">ii</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">í</span> | <span class="s-nah">íi</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">a</span> | <span class="s-nah">aa</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">á</span> | <span class="s-nah">áa</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">e</span> | <span class="s-nah">ee</span> |
| <span class="s-nah">é</span> | <span class="s-nah">ée</span> |
### Simple cases
For the main roles, there are 7 patterns: the concatenative pattern and the 6 substitutive patterns: <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">s</span>, <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">z</span>, <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ts</span>, <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tz</span>, <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cs</span>, and <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cz</span>.
For the main roles, there are 7 patterns: the concatenative pattern and the 6 substitutive patterns: <span class="s-nah">s</span>, <span class="s-nah">z</span>, <span class="s-nah">ts</span>, <span class="s-nah">tz</span>, <span class="s-nah">cs</span>, and <span class="s-nah">cz</span>.
| | Concat | Subst <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">s</span> | Subst <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">z</span> | Subst <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ts</span> | Subst <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tz</span> | Subst <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cs</span> | Subst <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cz</span> |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Topic** | ∅ | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">s</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">z</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ts</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tz</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cs</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cz</span> |
| **Oblique** | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">t</span> |
| **Genitive** | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">c</span> |
| **Dative** | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">si</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">si</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">zi</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tsi</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tzi</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">csi</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">czi</span> |
| **Ablative** | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">via</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">via</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">via</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tvia</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tvia</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cvia</span> | -<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">cvia</span> |
| | Concat | Subst <span class="s-nah">s</span> | Subst <span class="s-nah">z</span> | Subst <span class="s-nah">ts</span> | Subst <span class="s-nah">tz</span> | Subst <span class="s-nah">cs</span> | Subst <span class="s-nah">cz</span> |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Topic** | ∅ | -<span class="s-nah">s</span> | -<span class="s-nah">z</span> | -<span class="s-nah">ts</span> | -<span class="s-nah">tz</span> | -<span class="s-nah">cs</span> | -<span class="s-nah">cz</span> |
| **Oblique** | -<span class="s-nah">t</span> | -<span class="s-nah">t</span> | -<span class="s-nah">t</span> | -<span class="s-nah">t</span> | -<span class="s-nah">t</span> | -<span class="s-nah">t</span> | -<span class="s-nah">t</span> |
| **Genitive** | -<span class="s-nah">c</span> | -<span class="s-nah">c</span> | -<span class="s-nah">c</span> | -<span class="s-nah">c</span> | -<span class="s-nah">c</span> | -<span class="s-nah">c</span> | -<span class="s-nah">c</span> |
| **Dative** | -<span class="s-nah">si</span> | -<span class="s-nah">si</span> | -<span class="s-nah">zi</span> | -<span class="s-nah">tsi</span> | -<span class="s-nah">tzi</span> | -<span class="s-nah">csi</span> | -<span class="s-nah">czi</span> |
| **Ablative** | -<span class="s-nah">via</span> | -<span class="s-nah">via</span> | -<span class="s-nah">via</span> | -<span class="s-nah">tvia</span> | -<span class="s-nah">tvia</span> | -<span class="s-nah">cvia</span> | -<span class="s-nah">cvia</span> |
#### Topic
The topic case (`TOP`) indicates the topic of the clause. it is the agent of active clauses and the patient of passive clauses.
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"><span style="color:red">loarne</span> aint ilálapih</span>.
> <span style="color:red">loarne</span> aint ilálapih.
> <span style="color:red">Loarne.TOP</span> DEM.OBL say.PAST.3SA
> *<span style="color:red">Loarne</span> said that*
> <span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">loarne</span> aint ilálapih</span>.
> <span class="accent">loarne</span> aint ilálapih.
> <span class="accent">Loarne.TOP</span> DEM.OBL say.PAST.3SA
> *<span class="accent">Loarne</span> said that*
#### Oblique
The oblique case (`OBL`) indicates the less salient arguments of the clause that aren't indicated by another case. It indicates the patient of active clauses and the agent of passive clauses.
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"><span style="color:red">nríht</span> vionreeh</span>
> <span style="color:red">nríht</span> vionreeh
> <span style="color:red">seed.PL.OBL</span> eat.PRES.3SA
> *They<sub>SG</sub> eat <span style="color:red">seeds</span>.*
> <span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">nríht</span> vionreeh</span>
> <span class="accent">nríht</span> vionreeh
> <span class="accent">seed.PL.OBL</span> eat.PRES.3SA
> *They<sub>SG</sub> eat <span class="accent">seeds</span>.*
#### Genitive
The genitive case (`GEN`) indicates a possessive or qualifier.
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"><span style="color:red">ilc</span> ren</span>
> <span style="color:red">ilc</span> ren
> <span style="color:red">1S.GEN</span> house.TOP
> <span style="color:red">My</span> house
> <span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">ilc</span> ren</span>
> <span class="accent">ilc</span> ren
> <span class="accent">1S.GEN</span> house.TOP
> *<span class="accent">My</span> house*
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"><span style="color:red">áhioc</span> isove</span>
> <span style="color:red">áhioc</span> isove
> <span style="color:red">fiction.GEN</span> job
> <span style="color:red">Fictional</span> job
> <span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">áhioc</span> isove</span>
> <span class="accent">áhioc</span> isove
> <span class="accent">fiction.GEN</span> job
> *<span class="accent">Fictional</span> job*
#### Dative
The dative case (`DAT`) indicates the beneficiary of a ditransitive verbs, as well as the qualification direction faced. It however doesn't indicates the destination of verbs of movement towards. For those, use the [[#oblique]] case, the dative indicates the means of movement instead.
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"><span style="color:red">elsi</span> rent siehíef.</span>
> <span style="color:red">elsi</span> rent siehíef.
> <span style="color:red">2S.DAT</span> house.OBL give.PRES.1S
> I give <span style="color:red">you</span> a house.
> <span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">elsi</span> rent siehíef.</span>
> <span class="accent">elsi</span> rent siehíef.
> <span class="accent">2S.DAT</span> house.OBL give.PRES.1S
> *I give <span class="accent">you</span> a house.*
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">an-sialmosécet <span style="color:red">foítztselasi</span> oisailin.</span>
> an·sialmosécet <span style="color:red">foítztselasi</span> oisailin.
> PPN=Chalmosique.OBL <span style="color:red">train.DAT</span> go.PAST.2S
> You went to Chalmosique <span style="color:red">by train</span>.
> <span class="s-nah">an-sialmosécet <span class="accent">foítztselasi</span> oisailin.</span>
> an·sialmosécet <span class="accent">foítztselasi</span> oisailin.
> PPN=Chalmosique.OBL <span class="accent">train.DAT</span> go.PAST.2S
> *You went to Chalmosique <span class="accent">by train</span>.*
#### Ablative
The ablative case (`ABL`) indicates the source of ditransitive verbs, as well as indicating the tool of the action.
It however doesn't indicate the source of verbs of movements away from. For those, use the [[#oblique]] case, the ablative indicates the means of movement instead.
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"><span style="color:red">hoévenvia</span> cirtív</span>
> <span style="color:red">hoévenvia</span> cirtív
> <span style="color:red">pen.ABL</span> write.PAST.1PE
> We<sub>EXCL</sub> wrote <span style="color:red">with a pen</span>
> <span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">hoévenvia</span> cirtív</span>
> <span class="accent">hoévenvia</span> cirtív
> <span class="accent">pen.ABL</span> write.PAST.1PE
> *We<sub>EXCL</sub> wrote <span class="accent">with a pen</span>.*
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ie <span style="color:red">an-cairniasialvia</span></span>
> ie <span style="color:red">an·cairniasialvia</span>
> 3SA.TOP <span style="color:red">PPN=Cairniasial.ABL</span>
> They<sub>SG</sub> are <span style="color:red">from Cairniasial</span>
> <span class="s-nah">ie <span class="accent">an-cairniasialvia</span></span>
> ie <span class="accent">an·cairniasialvia</span>
> 3SA.TOP <span class="accent">PPN=Cairniasial.ABL</span>
> *They<sub>SG</sub> are <span class="accent">from Cairniasial</span>*
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">sialt <span style="color:red">fatóirvia</span> hastereón</span>
> sialt <span style="color:red">fatóirvia</span> hastereón
> city.OBL <span style="color:red">boat.ABL</span> exit.FUT.2P
> You'll leave the city <span style="color:red">by boat</span>.
> <span class="s-nah">sialt <span class="accent">fatóirvia</span> hastereón</span>
> sialt <span class="accent">fatóirvia</span> hastereón
> city.OBL <span class="accent">boat.ABL</span> exit.FUT.2P
> *You'll leave the city <span class="accent">by boat</span>.*
### Compound cases
Compound cases are extra cased constructed on top of the base 5 cases
#### Spatial Locatives
The spatial locative cases (`LOCSP`) is used to indicate a spacial location. it is marked by expressing the noun in the genitive case, followed by the <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(la)</span> particle.
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">il <span style="color:red">an-Vansterilc la</span>.</span>
> il <span style="color:red">an·Vansterilc‿la</span>.
> 1S.TOP <span style="color:red">PPN=Vansteril.GEN‿LOCSP</span>.
> Im <span style="color:red">in Vansteril</span>.
The spatial locative cases (`LOCSP`) is used to indicate a spacial location. it is marked by expressing the noun in the genitive case, followed by the <span class="s-nah">(la)</span> particle.
> <span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">an-Vansterilc la</span>.</span>
> il <span class="accent">an·Vansterilc‿la</span>.
> 1S.TOP <span class="accent">PPN=Vansteril.GEN‿LOCSP</span>.
> *Im <span class="accent">in Vansteril</span>.*
#### Temporal Locatives
There are four temporal locatives: past, present, future and gnomic (`LOCTMP.PAST`, ...`PRES`, ...`FUT` and ...`GNO`). The past case (resp. present and future) is used, as it's name indicates, to locate events that happened in the past (resp. present and future). The gnomic case locates events that are either generally happeneing, happening at an unknown point in time, or happening repeatedly.
The past case (resp. present, future, gnomic) are indicated by expressing the noun in the oblique followed by the particle <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(anip)</span> (resp <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(anep)</span>, <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(anop)</span>, <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(anap)</span>)
However the present case is rarely used outside of set phrases like <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(vint anep)</span> “today” or <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(mpat anep)</span> “now”
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"><span style="color:red">vint anep</span> mareves</span>
> <span style="color:red">vint‿anep</span> mareves
> <span style="color:red">day.OBL‿LOCTMP.PRES</span> be_cold.PRES.3SI
> Its cold <span style="color:red">today</span>.
The past case (resp. present, future, gnomic) are indicated by expressing the noun in the oblique followed by the particle <span class="s-nah">(anip)</span> (resp <span class="s-nah">(anep)</span>, <span class="s-nah">(anop)</span>, <span class="s-nah">(anap)</span>)
However the present case is rarely used outside of set phrases like <span class="s-nah">(vint anep)</span> “today” or <span class="s-nah">(mpat anep)</span> “now”
> <span class="s-nah"><span class="accent">vint anep</span> mareves</span>
> <span class="accent">vint‿anep</span> mareves
> <span class="accent">day.OBL‿LOCTMP.PRES</span> be_cold.PRES.3SI
> *Its cold <span class="accent">today</span>.*
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">il <span style="color:red">vionreipt anip</span> cirtin</span>
> il <span style="color:red">vionreipt‿anip</span> cirtin
> 1S.TOP <span style="color:red">eat.PAST.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.PAST</span> write.PAST.2S
> <span style="color:red">When</span> I <span style="color:red">ate</span>, I wrote.
> <span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">vionreipt anip</span> cirtin</span>
> il <span class="accent">vionreipt‿anip</span> cirtin
> 1S.TOP <span class="accent">eat.PAST.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.PAST</span> write.PAST.2S
> *<span class="accent">When</span> I <span class="accent">ate</span>, I wrote.*
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">il <span style="color:red">vionreopt anop</span> cirton</span>
> il <span style="color:red">vionreopt‿anop</span> cirton
> 1S.TOP <span style="color:red">eat.FUT.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.FUT</span> write.FUT.2S
> <span style="color:red">When</span> I<span style="color:red">ll eat</span>, Ill write.
> <span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">vionreopt anop</span> cirton</span>
> il <span class="accent">vionreopt‿anop</span> cirton
> 1S.TOP <span class="accent">eat.FUT.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.FUT</span> write.FUT.2S
> *<span class="accent">When</span> I<span class="accent">ll eat</span>, Ill write.*
> <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">il <span style="color:red">vionreapt anap</span> cirtan</span>
> il <span style="color:red">vionreapt‿anap</span> cirtan
> 1S.TOP <span style="color:red">eat.GNO.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.GNO</span> write.GNO.2S
> <span style="color:red">Whenever</span> I <span style="color:red">eat</span>, I write.
> <span class="s-nah">il <span class="accent">vionreapt anap</span> cirtan</span>
> il <span class="accent">vionreapt‿anap</span> cirtan
> 1S.TOP <span class="accent">eat.GNO.PCP.OBL‿LOCTMP.GNO</span> write.GNO.2S
> *<span class="accent">Whenever</span> I <span class="accent">eat</span>, I write.*
### Proper noun clitic
Proper nouns that aren't personal names always take the proper noun clitic <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">(an)</span> (`PPN`)
Proper nouns that aren't personal names always take the proper noun clitic <span class="s-nah">(an)</span> (`PPN`)
### Pronouns
| | 1S | 2S | 3SI | 3SA | 1PE | 1PI | 2P | 3PI | 3PA | Q | DEM | DEM.PL |
| ------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **TOP** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">il</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">el</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ain</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ie</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">íl</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iél</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">él</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aín</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em"></span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aóts</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpa</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpá</span> |
| **OBL** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ilt</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">elt</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aint</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iet</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ílt</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iélt</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">élt</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aínt</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iét</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aót</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpat</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpát</span> |
| **GEN** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ilc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">elc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ainc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iec</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ílc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iélc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">élc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aínc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iéc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aóc</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpac</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpác</span> |
| **DAT** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ílsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">elsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ainsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iesi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ílsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iélsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">élsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aínsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iési</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aótsi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpasi</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpási</span> |
| **ABL** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ilvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">elvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ainvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ievia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ílvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iélvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">élvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aínvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">iévia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">aótvia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpavia</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">mpávia</span> |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **TOP** | <span class="s-nah">il</span> | <span class="s-nah">el</span> | <span class="s-nah">ain</span> | <span class="s-nah">ie</span> | <span class="s-nah">íl</span> | <span class="s-nah">iél</span> | <span class="s-nah">él</span> | <span class="s-nah">aín</span> | <span class="s-nah"></span> | <span class="s-nah">aóts</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpa</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpá</span> |
| **OBL** | <span class="s-nah">ilt</span> | <span class="s-nah">elt</span> | <span class="s-nah">aint</span> | <span class="s-nah">iet</span> | <span class="s-nah">ílt</span> | <span class="s-nah">iélt</span> | <span class="s-nah">élt</span> | <span class="s-nah">aínt</span> | <span class="s-nah">iét</span> | <span class="s-nah">aót</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpat</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpát</span> |
| **GEN** | <span class="s-nah">ilc</span> | <span class="s-nah">elc</span> | <span class="s-nah">ainc</span> | <span class="s-nah">iec</span> | <span class="s-nah">ílc</span> | <span class="s-nah">iélc</span> | <span class="s-nah">élc</span> | <span class="s-nah">aínc</span> | <span class="s-nah">iéc</span> | <span class="s-nah">aóc</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpac</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpác</span> |
| **DAT** | <span class="s-nah">ílsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">elsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">ainsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">iesi</span> | <span class="s-nah">ílsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">iélsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">élsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">aínsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">iési</span> | <span class="s-nah">aótsi</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpasi</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpási</span> |
| **ABL** | <span class="s-nah">ilvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">elvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">ainvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">ievia</span> | <span class="s-nah">ílvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">iélvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">élvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">aínvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">iévia</span> | <span class="s-nah">aótvia</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpavia</span> | <span class="s-nah">mpávia</span> |
## Verbs
Verbs are conjugated according to their tense and the grammatical person of the agent.
Orthographically the pattern is completely regular, however the vowel coalescence (see [[#Coalescence]]) causes the pronunciation to be quite chaotic. The plural forms of past and present tense are always identical when spoken but distinguished in writing.
| | 1S | 2S | 3SI | 3SA | 1PE | 1PI | 2P | 3PI | 3PA | INF | PCP.SG | PCP.PL |
| -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **PAST** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-if</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-in</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-is</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ih</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ív</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ím</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ín</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-íz</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ír</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-i</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ip</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-íp</span> |
| **PRES** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ef</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-en</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-es</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-eh</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-év</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ém</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-én</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-éz</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ér</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-e</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ep</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ép</span> |
| **FUT** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-of</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-on</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-os</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-oh</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-óv</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-óm</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ón</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-óz</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ór</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-o</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-op</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-óp</span> |
| **GNO** | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-af</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-an</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-as</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ah</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-áv</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ám</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-án</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-áz</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ár</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-a</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-ap</span> | <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">-áp</span> |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **PAST** | <span class="s-nah">-if</span> | <span class="s-nah">-in</span> | <span class="s-nah">-is</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ih</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ív</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ím</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ín</span> | <span class="s-nah">-íz</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ír</span> | <span class="s-nah">-i</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ip</span> | <span class="s-nah">-íp</span> |
| **PRES** | <span class="s-nah">-ef</span> | <span class="s-nah">-en</span> | <span class="s-nah">-es</span> | <span class="s-nah">-eh</span> | <span class="s-nah">-év</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ém</span> | <span class="s-nah">-én</span> | <span class="s-nah">-éz</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ér</span> | <span class="s-nah">-e</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ep</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ép</span> |
| **FUT** | <span class="s-nah">-of</span> | <span class="s-nah">-on</span> | <span class="s-nah">-os</span> | <span class="s-nah">-oh</span> | <span class="s-nah">-óv</span> | <span class="s-nah">-óm</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ón</span> | <span class="s-nah">-óz</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ór</span> | <span class="s-nah">-o</span> | <span class="s-nah">-op</span> | <span class="s-nah">-óp</span> |
| **GNO** | <span class="s-nah">-af</span> | <span class="s-nah">-an</span> | <span class="s-nah">-as</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ah</span> | <span class="s-nah">-áv</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ám</span> | <span class="s-nah">-án</span> | <span class="s-nah">-áz</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ár</span> | <span class="s-nah">-a</span> | <span class="s-nah">-ap</span> | <span class="s-nah">-áp</span> |
All other facets of verb morphology are indicated by a great number of prefixes here are the more useful (look for the `#mos/verbmod` tag in the dictionary for a more complete list)
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">na-</span> passive voice
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">siehi-</span> volontary causation
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">sien-</span> involontary causation
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">caó-</span> augmentative
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">rel-</span> diminutive
- <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">rie-</span> conditional
- <span class="s-nah">na-</span> passive voice
- <span class="s-nah">siehi-</span> volontary causation
- <span class="s-nah">sien-</span> involontary causation
- <span class="s-nah">caó-</span> augmentative
- <span class="s-nah">rel-</span> diminutive
- <span class="s-nah">rie-</span> conditional
# Syntax
# Numbers

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[i#Classical Nyelaf|i]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[e]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[e]</span>
### Particule
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">i</span>
<span class="s-nah">i</span>
1. and
2. also
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">i</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[i]</span>
<span class="s-nah">i</span> <span class="ipa">[i]</span>

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# Mosici
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[epjãnaʎi]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[epjãnaʎi]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ipianalei</span>
<span class="s-nah">ipianalei</span>
1. _plural form of [[ipianlei#Mosici|ipianlei]]_

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# Mosici
From the [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] phrase « [[i#Classical Nyelaf|i]] [[piany#Classical Nyelaf|piany]] [[lei#Classical Nyelaf|lei]] » “and afterwards, two“
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[epjãʎi]</span> (plural <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[epjãnaʎi]</span>)
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[epjãʎi]</span> (plural <span class="ipa">[epjãnaʎi]</span>)
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ipianlei</span> (plural <span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ipianalei</span>)
<span class="s-nah">ipianlei</span> (plural <span class="s-nah">ipianalei</span>)
1. Sequence, ordering
| Declension for _ipianlei_<br>Irr. pl. stem _ipianalei_ | SG | PL |

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[lei#Classical Nyelaf|lei]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ʎi]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[ʎi]</span>
### Numeral
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">lei</span>
<span class="s-nah">lei</span>
1. two
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">lei</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ɫe.i]</span>
<span class="s-nah">lei</span> <span class="ipa">[ɫe.i]</span>

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# Mosici
Onomatopeic
### Pronounciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[o]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[o]</span>
### Particle
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">o</span>
<span class="s-nah">o</span>
1. _(After nouns)_ Vocative marker
2. _(After verbs)_ Imperative marker

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ohaioa</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[o.xa.jo.a]</span>
<span class="s-nah">ohaioa</span> <span class="ipa">[o.xa.jo.a]</span>

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[oilenioī#Classical Nyelaf|oilenioī]].
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[øʟɛ̃njy]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[øʟɛ̃njy]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">oilenioí</span>
<span class="s-nah">oilenioí</span>
1. Parameter, option
2. Settings

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">olaho</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[olaxo]</span>
<span class="s-nah">olaho</span> <span class="ipa">[olaxo]</span>

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[olaho#Classical Nyelaf|olaho]] [[īny#Classical Nyelaf|īny]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[oʟaʀỹ]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[oʟaʀỹ]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">olaroín</span>
<span class="s-nah">olaroín</span>
1. Peak, summit
2. _(History)_ Golden Age

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[#Classical Nyelaf|oli]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[oʎe]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[oʎe]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">oli</span>
<span class="s-nah">oli</span>
1. Time
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">oli</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[oɫi]</span>
<span class="s-nah">oli</span> <span class="ipa">[oɫi]</span>

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From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[olynehhy#Classical Nyelaf|olynehhy]] [[sasife#Classical Nyelaf|sasife]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[oẅnɛːsaɕfɛ]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[oẅnɛːsaɕfɛ]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">olnehsasife</span>
<span class="s-nah">olnehsasife</span>
1. Weapon
| Declension for _olnehsasife_ | SG | PL |

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">olnehh</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[o.ɫə.ne.xːə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">olnehh</span> <span class="ipa">[o.ɫə.ne.xːə]</span>

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[onāny#Classical Nyelaf|onāny]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[õnɔ̃]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[õnɔ̃]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">onán</span>
<span class="s-nah">onán</span>
1. Image, representation
| Declension for _onán_ | SG | PL |

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">onán</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[onaːnə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">onán</span> <span class="ipa">[onaːnə]</span>

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[ohaioa#Classical Nyelaf|ohaioa]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[oʀajɔ]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[oʀajɔ]</span>
### Verb
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">oraioa</span>
<span class="s-nah">oraioa</span>
1. To breathe
| Conjugation of _oraioa_ | 1S | 2S | 3SA | 3SI | 1PE | 1PI | 2P | 3PA | 3PI | INF | PCP.SG | PCP.PL |

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pefalie</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pe.fa.ɫje]</span>
<span class="s-nah">pefalie</span> <span class="ipa">[pe.fa.ɫje]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[pefalie#Classical Nyelaf|pefalie]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pɛvaʎjɛ]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pɛvaʎjɛ]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pevalie</span>
<span class="s-nah">pevalie</span>
1. Situation, context
2. Occurence, event

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[pi#Classical Nyelaf|pi]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pe-]</span> [^1]
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pe-]</span> [^1]
### Clitic
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pi-</span>
<span class="s-nah">pi-</span>
1. _(obsolete)_ action of
[^1]: Subject to vowel coalescence

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pi</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pi]</span>
<span class="s-nah">pi</span> <span class="ipa">[pi]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[pialy#Classical Nyelaf|pialy]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pjaẅ]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pjaẅ]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pial</span>
<span class="s-nah">pial</span>
1. Fight, battle
2. Rivalry

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pial</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pja.ɫə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">pial</span> <span class="ipa">[pja.ɫə]</span>

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pian</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pja.nə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">pian</span> <span class="ipa">[pja.nə]</span>

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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[pilyteny#Classical Nyelaf|pilyteny]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[peẅtɛ̃]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[peẅtɛ̃]</span>
### Noun
1. Part, chapter (of a book)
2. Subdivision

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pilten</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pi.ɫə.te.nə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">pilten</span> <span class="ipa">[pi.ɫə.te.nə]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[pi-#Mosici|pi-]] + [[oraioa#Mosici|oraioa]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pøʀajo]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pøʀajo]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pioraio</span>
<span class="s-nah">pioraio</span>
1. Lung
| Declension for _pioraio_ | SG | PL |

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From archaic [[pi-#Mosici|pi-]] + [[tsia#Mosici|tsia]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[petɕa]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[petɕa]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pitsia</span>
<span class="s-nah">pitsia</span>
1. Question
2. Demand, request
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ From archaic [[pi-#Mosici|pi-]] + [[tsia#Mosici|tsia]]
| **DAT** | pitsiasi | pitsiaasi |
| **ABL** | pitsiavia | pitsiaavia |
### Verb
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">pitsia</span>
<span class="s-nah">pitsia</span>
1. To ask, to question
2. To request, to demand

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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[poissa#Classical Nyelaf|poissa]]
### Pronounciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pøsa]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pøsa]</span>
### Verb
1. To be far, to be distant
2. To be strange

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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
# Mosici
From [[poisa#Mosici|poisa]] + [[onán#Mosici|onán]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pøsõnɔ̃]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pøsõnɔ̃]</span>
### Noun
1. Television

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">poissa</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[po.isːa]</span>
<span class="s-nah">poissa</span> <span class="ipa">[po.isːa]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[#Classical Nyelaf|polane]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[poʟãnɛ]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[poʟãnɛ]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">polane</span>
<span class="s-nah">polane</span>
1. Barley
| Declension for _polane_ | SG | PL |
@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[#Classical Nyelaf|polane
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">polane</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode">[polane]</span>
<span class="s-nah">polane</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode">[polane]</span>

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@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[polyna#Classical Nyelaf|polyna]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[poẅna]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[poẅna]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">polna</span>
<span class="s-nah">polna</span>
1. Start, beginning
| Declension for _polna_ | SG | PL |
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[polyna#Classical Nyelaf|
| **DAT** | polnasi | polnaasi |
| **ABL** | polnavia | polnaavia |
### Verb
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">polna</span>
<span class="s-nah">polna</span>
1. To start, to commence
2. To enter

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">polna</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[poləna]</span>
<span class="s-nah">polna</span> <span class="ipa">[poləna]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[possaly#Classical Nyelaf|possaly]] [[toi#Classical Nyelaf|toi]] (“hard fruit”)
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[posaẅdø]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[posaẅdø]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">posaltoi</span>
<span class="s-nah">posaltoi</span>
1. Nut (fruit)
| Declension for _posaltoi_ | SG | PL |

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">possal</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[posːalə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">possal</span> <span class="ipa">[posːalə]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[poīhy#Classical Nyelaf|poīhy]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pyɐ̯]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pyɐ̯]</span>
### Clitic
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">poír-</span>
<span class="s-nah">poír-</span>
1. Suddenly, brusquely
2. Unexpectedly
3. Quickly, rapidly

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@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[poīfy#Classical Nyelaf|poīfy]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[pyv-]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[pyv-]</span>
### Clitic
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">poív-</span>
<span class="s-nah">poív-</span>
1. Iterative aspect marker: “again”
2. _(Immediately after [[ta-#Mosici|ta-]])_ Perfective aspect marker: “already”

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">poíf</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[po.iː.fə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">poíf</span> <span class="ipa">[po.iː.fə]</span>

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">poíh</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[po.iːxə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">poíh</span> <span class="ipa">[po.iːxə]</span>

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# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[pīssio#Classical Nyelaf|pīssio]] + [[īly#Classical Nyelaf|īly]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[piɕyẅ]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[piɕyẅ]</span>
### Noun
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">písioíl</span>
<span class="s-nah">písioíl</span>
1. Rarity, scarcity
| Declension for _písioíl_ | SG | PL |

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">píssio</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[piːsːjo]</span>
<span class="s-nah">píssio</span> <span class="ipa">[piːsːjo]</span>

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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">sasife</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[sasife]</span>
<span class="s-nah">sasife</span> <span class="ipa">[sasife]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[yta#Classical Nyelaf|yta]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[ta-]</span> [^1]
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[ta-]</span> [^1]
### Clitic
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ta-</span>
<span class="s-nah">ta-</span>
1. Negation
[^1]: Subject to vowel coalescence

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">toi</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[to.i]</span>
<span class="s-nah">toi</span> <span class="ipa">[to.i]</span>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
# Mosici
From [[../Asteron/Classical Nyelaf|Classical Nyelaf]] [[tsia#Classical Nyelaf|tsia]]
### Pronunciation
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[tɕa]</span>
- [[../Asteron/Mosici|Standard]] <span class="ipa">[tɕa]</span>
### Particle
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tsia</span>
<span class="s-nah">tsia</span>
1. Sentence-final question marker
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">tsia</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[tsja]</span>
<span class="s-nah">tsia</span> <span class="ipa">[tsja]</span>

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ta</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[əta]</span>
<span class="s-nah">ta</span> <span class="ipa">[əta]</span>

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">íl</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[iːɫə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">íl</span> <span class="ipa">[iːɫə]</span>

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#word #cln
# Classical Nyelaf
<span style="font-family: Nahan; font-size: 1.5em">ín</span> <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[iːnə]</span>
<span class="s-nah">ín</span> <span class="ipa">[iːnə]</span>

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@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
#character
**Iisnire qapp ħèr-Narini** ([[Naqòo Common]]: <span style="font-family: Junicode; font-size: 1.1em">[iːçɲi̤ɰe̤ ʔa̤p χɛɰɲa̤ɰi̤ɲi̤]</span>), also rendered in English as **Iisnire of Stonepaw** was the first leader of the [[Pareli qapp Wiiqqone qapp Ħèr qqù qapp Naqòo|PWĦN]]. She unified the various clans that warred over land-control on [[Ȝħarqalin]] during the [[Naqòo Unification War|Unification War]] into a large federation where each clans, while retaining wide autonomy in internal matters were instead encouraged to specialise and cooperate for progress. Her government was also the one to introduce Naqòo Common as a working language to administer the various clan who to that point each spoke various languages.
**Iisnire qapp ħèr-Narini** ([[Naqòo Common]]: <span class="ipa">[iːçɲi̤ɰe̤ ʔa̤p χɛɰɲa̤ɰi̤ɲi̤]</span>), also rendered in English as **Iisnire of Stonepaw** was the first leader of the [[Pareli qapp Wiiqqone qapp Ħèr qqù qapp Naqòo|PWĦN]]. She unified the various clans that warred over land-control on [[Ȝħarqalin]] during the [[Naqòo Unification War|Unification War]] into a large federation where each clans, while retaining wide autonomy in internal matters were instead encouraged to specialise and cooperate for progress. Her government was also the one to introduce Naqòo Common as a working language to administer the various clan who to that point each spoke various languages.

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